Efficacy of Nitrogen against Stored Product Insects with Different Susceptibility Levels to Phosphine in Industrial Applications

We carried out trials on the commercial applications of nitrogen in different industrial structures, using phosphine-susceptible and -resistant populations three stored product beetle species, red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) Curculionidae), saw-toothed grain Oryzaephilus surinamensis Silvanidae). Twelve were conducted total, five chambers seven large silos Greece, following temperatures exposure times. In most our trials, complete mortality was recorded, with exception two which survival recorded for T. O. surinamensis, while S. classified as susceptible species. Moreover, low or no progeny production trials. Our results indicate that nitrogen, through reduction oxygen level, could be used control insects are resistant to phosphine, can further utilized resistance management strategies.